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প্রাথমিক, NTRCA, BCS, ব্যাংক — সব পরীক্ষায় ইংরেজির ৬০-৭০% নম্বর আসে গ্রামার থেকে। কিন্তু পুরো English Grammar বই পড়া বাস্তব না। চাকরির পরীক্ষায় যেগুলো বারবার আসছে সেই ১২টা গুরুত্বপূর্ণ topic — interactive format-এ, Bengali ব্যাখ্যা ও recent exam questions সহ। নিচের যেকোনো topic-এ click করে শুরু করুন।
📖 এই Guide কীভাবে ব্যবহার করবেন
Tense হলো ইংরেজি গ্রামারের মেরুদণ্ড। ১২টা tense থাকলেও চাকরির পরীক্ষায় মূলত ৫-৬টা থেকে প্রশ্ন আসে।
| Tense | Structure | Signal Words |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Sub + V1/Vs | always, usually, often, every day |
| Present Continuous | Sub + am/is/are + V-ing | now, at this moment, look!, listen! |
| Present Perfect | Sub + have/has + V3 | just, already, yet, recently, ever, never |
| Present Perfect Cont. | Sub + have/has been + V-ing | since, for + duration |
| Past Simple | Sub + V2 | yesterday, ago, last week/year, in 1971 |
| Past Continuous | Sub + was/were + V-ing | while, when (+ past action) |
| Past Perfect | Sub + had + V3 | before, after, by the time |
| Past Perfect Cont. | Sub + had been + V-ing | since (past), for (past) |
| Future Simple | Sub + will/shall + V1 | tomorrow, next week, soon |
| Future Continuous | Sub + will be + V-ing | at this time tomorrow |
| Future Perfect | Sub + will have + V3 | by + future time |
| Future Perfect Cont. | Sub + will have been + V-ing | by + future, for + duration |
পরীক্ষায় ৭০% Tense প্রশ্ন solve হয় শুধু signal word identify করে। উপরের চার্ট মুখস্থ থাকলেই ১৫ সেকেন্ডে answer।
It is high time we ___ our food habit.
Answer: (c) changed
"It is high time" + Subject + V2 — এটি Past Subjunctive structure।
The patient ___ before the doctor came.
Answer: (b) had died
"Before" থাকলে — যে action আগে হয়েছে সেটায় Past Perfect (had + V3)।
He has been suffering from fever ___ Monday.
Answer: (c) since
"Monday" একটি specific point of time → since। "for" হতো duration-এর সাথে (e.g., for 3 days)।
Right Form of Verb = প্রশ্নে দেওয়া verb-এর সঠিক রূপ বসানো। মূলত Tense + Voice + Subject-Verb Agreement-এর application।
He can swim (✓), not He can swims (✗)
I want to go (✓), not to going (✗)
He is good at swimming, fond of reading, afraid of failing
I have eaten, She has gone, They had finished
She is reading (Continuous) | The book is read by her (Passive)
If I had known you were coming, I ___ you at the station.
Answer: (b) would have met
3rd conditional: If + Past Perfect, would have + V3 (অতীতের অবাস্তব শর্ত)।
I look forward to ___ from you.
Answer: (c) hearing
"Look forward to" + V-ing। এখানে "to" preposition হিসেবে কাজ করছে, তাই gerund।
He had better ___ a doctor.
Answer: (c) see
"Had better" + V1 (bare infinitive)। "to" বা "-ing" বসবে না।
Subject এবং Verb-এর number (singular/plural) সবসময় মিলতে হবে। এটাই Subject-Verb Agreement।
Each of the boys is present (✓)
Both Rahim and Karim are students (✓)
Either he or his brothers are guilty (close subject = brothers, plural)
The team is winning (এক ইউনিট হিসেবে) | The team are fighting among themselves (সদস্যদের আলাদা ভাবে)
Mathematics is my favorite subject (✓)
Subject-এর সঙ্গে যে অংশ "with", "as well as", "along with", "in addition to" দিয়ে যুক্ত — সেটা subject-এ গণ্য না। শুধু মূল subject-এর সাথে verb মেলান।
উদাহরণ: The teacher, along with the students, is going. (teacher = singular)
The box of old photographs ___ stored in the attic for years.
Answer: (b) has been
Subject = "box" (singular), না "photographs"। তাই "has been"।
Neither of the brothers ___ expected to win.
Answer: (c) is
"Neither" = singular, তাই singular verb।
Three-fourths of the work ___ done.
Answer: (a) has been
"Three-fourths of + uncountable noun (work)" → singular verb।
Active voice → Passive voice change-এর মূল formula: Object হয় Subject, Subject হয় "by + object", Verb-এর সাথে be verb যোগ + V3।
| Tense | Active | Passive |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | S + V1/s + O | O + am/is/are + V3 + by S |
| Present Continuous | S + am/is/are + V-ing + O | O + am/is/are being + V3 + by S |
| Present Perfect | S + have/has + V3 + O | O + have/has been + V3 + by S |
| Past Simple | S + V2 + O | O + was/were + V3 + by S |
| Past Continuous | S + was/were + V-ing + O | O + was/were being + V3 + by S |
| Past Perfect | S + had + V3 + O | O + had been + V3 + by S |
| Future Simple | S + will/shall + V1 + O | O + will/shall be + V3 + by S |
| Modal (can/may/should) | S + modal + V1 + O | O + modal + be + V3 + by S |
"Who broke the glass?" → "By whom was the glass broken?"
"Did you do this?" → "Was this done by you?"
"Open the door" → "Let the door be opened"
"Don't waste time" → "Let not the time be wasted"
"It is impossible to do this" → "This is impossible to be done"
Give the correct passive form of: "My teacher embodies all the good qualities"
Answer: (b)
"Embody" এর সাথে passive-এ "in" preposition হয়, "by" না।
Identify the right passive voice of "It is impossible to do this".
Answer: (b)
"It is + adj + to + V1" → "Subject (of infinitive) is + adj + to be + V3"
"Who planted this tree?" — The correct passive voice is:
Answer: (a)
"Who" interrogative → "By whom"। Past tense "planted" → "was planted"।
Direct speech (কারো কথা সরাসরি quote) → Indirect speech (পরোক্ষভাবে বলা)। চারটা জিনিস বদলায়: Reporting verb, Tense, Pronoun, Time/Place expression।
| Direct-এ কী আছে | Reporting Verb হবে |
|---|---|
| Statement (.) | said / told |
| Question (?) | asked / inquired |
| Order/Command (!) | ordered / commanded |
| Request (please...) | requested |
| Advice | advised / suggested |
| Exclamation (!) | exclaimed (with joy/sorrow) |
| Direct (Present) | Indirect (Past) |
|---|---|
| Present Simple | Past Simple |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous |
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect |
| Past Simple | Past Perfect |
| Will/Shall | Would/Should |
| Can / May / Must | Could / Might / Had to |
| Direct | Indirect |
|---|---|
| now | then |
| today | that day |
| tomorrow | the next day |
| yesterday | the previous day |
| this | that |
| here | there |
| ago | before |
Universal truth / habitual fact হলে Tense পরিবর্তন হয় না।
"The teacher said, 'The sun rises in the east.'" → "The teacher said that the sun rises in the east." (rises stays)
Choose the correct indirect speech: She asked me, "Are you happy in your new job?"
Answer: (a)
Yes/no question → "if/whether"। Are (Present) → was (Past)। You → I (subject change)।
"I shall go tomorrow," he said. — Indirect:
Answer: (c)
"Shall" → "would"। "Tomorrow" → "the next day"। I → he।
Articles ৩টি: A, An (Indefinite) এবং The (Definite)।
He is ___ honest man.
Answer: (b) an
"Honest" এ h silent → শুরু হয় vowel sound (o) দিয়ে → an।
___ Padma is ___ longest river in Bangladesh.
Answer: (b) The, the
River-এর আগে "the" (Padma), superlative-এর আগে "the" (longest)।
Prepositions চাকরির পরীক্ষার সবচেয়ে tricky topic — কারণ এগুলো rule-based না, বরং usage-based। নিচের list-গুলো মুখস্থ থাকলেই কাজ চলবে।
| Time | Place | |
|---|---|---|
| In | মাস, বছর, শতাব্দী (in May, in 2026, in 21st century) | বড় জায়গা (in Dhaka, in Bangladesh) |
| On | দিন, তারিখ (on Monday, on 5 May) | উপরে (on the table, on the wall) |
| At | নির্দিষ্ট সময় (at 5 pm, at midnight) | ছোট জায়গা, ঠিকানা (at home, at 12 Mirpur Road) |
Since: point of time-এর আগে (since 2020, since Monday, since morning)
For: duration-এর আগে (for 3 years, for a long time, for two hours)
| Good at | I am good at math |
| Fond of | She is fond of music |
| Afraid of | He is afraid of snakes |
| Interested in | I am interested in reading |
| Tired of | I am tired of waiting |
| Look for | What are you looking for? |
| Look after | She looks after her old mother |
| Look forward to | I look forward to hearing from you |
| Wait for | Wait for the bus |
| Listen to | Listen to me |
| Depend on/upon | It depends on you |
| Suffer from | He is suffering from fever |
| Married to | She is married to a doctor |
| Famous for | Bangladesh is famous for jute |
| Worthy of | He is worthy of praise |
enter (a room), reach (a place), discuss (a topic), marry (someone), tell (someone) — এগুলোর পরে কোনো preposition বসে না।
ভুল: Enter into the room ✗ → সঠিক: Enter the room ✓
"I am not good ___ translation."
Answer: (d) at
"Good at + skill/subject" — fixed combination।
He has been ill ___ Monday.
Answer: (b) since
"Monday" = specific point of time → since।
She is married ___ a doctor.
Answer: (b) to
"Married to + person" — fixed combination।
Parts of Speech ৮টি: Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Interjection।
| Proper Noun | নির্দিষ্ট নাম: Rahim, Dhaka, Padma |
| Common Noun | সাধারণ নাম: boy, city, river |
| Collective Noun | সমষ্টিগত: team, family, herd, crowd |
| Material Noun | পদার্থ: gold, mutton, water, milk |
| Abstract Noun | গুণ/অবস্থা: honesty, beauty, sleep |
| Personal | I, you, he, she, they |
| Possessive | mine, yours, his, hers |
| Reflexive | myself, yourself, himself |
| Demonstrative | this, that, these, those |
| Interrogative | who, what, which, whose |
| Relative | who, which, that, whom |
| Indefinite | some, any, all, every, none |
| Distributive | each, either, neither |
"Down" as preposition: He went down the stairs.
"Down" as adverb: The sun went down.
"Down" as noun: The ups and downs of life.
"Mutton" is a/an —
Answer: (c) Material noun
পদার্থবাচক বিশেষ্য (Mutton = ভেড়ার মাংস)।
"Reading is an excellent habit." — Here "Reading" is a —
Answer: (d) Gerund
V-ing + Subject position এ আছে = Gerund।
"The sun went down." — "Down" এখানে —
Answer: (b) Adverb
এখানে "down" verb "went"-কে modify করছে = Adverb।
৪ ধরনের conditional sentence। Pattern মুখস্থ থাকলে ১৫ সেকেন্ডে answer।
| Type | If Clause | Main Clause | উদাহরণ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type 0 (Universal truth) | Present | Present | If you heat ice, it melts. |
| Type 1 (Possible future) | Present | will/shall + V1 | If it rains, I will stay home. |
| Type 2 (Unreal present) | Past | would/could + V1 | If I were rich, I would help the poor. |
| Type 3 (Unreal past) | Past Perfect | would have + V3 | If I had known, I would have come. |
Subject singular হলেও "were" বসবে।
❌ "If I was you" → ✅ "If I were you"
If I had known you were coming, I ___ you at the station.
Answer: (b) would have met
Type 3: If + Past Perfect, would have + V3।
If I ___ a bird, I would fly.
Answer: (c) were
Type 2 (unreal present) — singular subject হলেও "were"।
Sentence correction-এ ভুল ৪ ধরনের: Tense, Subject-Verb Agreement, Preposition, Article। উপরের topics-গুলো ভালোভাবে জানলে এটাও সহজ।
| ভুল | সঠিক | কারণ |
|---|---|---|
| I am understanding | I understand | Stative verbs continuous-এ যায় না |
| One of my friend | One of my friends | One of + plural noun |
| He is more taller | He is taller | "More" + comparative ভুল |
| I have went | I have gone | Have + V3 (past participle) |
| The both boys | Both the boys | "Both" আগে, "the" পরে |
| Discuss about | Discuss | "Discuss"-এর পরে preposition না |
| Return back | Return | "Return" নিজেই "back" বোঝায় |
Which of the following sentences is correct?
Answer: (a)
Interrogative-এ Auxiliary + Subject + Main verb। (b),(c)-তে word order ভুল; (d)-তে "did + done" দুটো past form।
Identify the correct sentence:
Answer: (b)
"One of" + plural noun (friends)। "My best friends" সঠিক order।
Vocabulary-নির্ভর — তাই প্রতিদিন ১০টা নতুন শব্দ মুখস্থ করুন। এই section-এ চাকরির পরীক্ষায় সর্বাধিক repeated শব্দ।
| Word | Meaning | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|
| Obese | মোটা | fat, stout, plump |
| Bounty | দয়া/উদারতা | generosity, kindness |
| Augment | বৃদ্ধি করা | increase, enlarge, expand |
| Frugal | মিতব্যয়ী | thrifty, economical |
| Candid | সরল | frank, honest, straightforward |
| Tedious | ক্লান্তিকর | boring, monotonous, dull |
| Vivid | স্পষ্ট | clear, bright, lively |
| Eminent | বিখ্যাত | famous, distinguished, renowned |
| Obstinate | একগুঁয়ে | stubborn, headstrong |
| Lethargic | অলস | lazy, sluggish, idle |
| Word | Antonym |
|---|---|
| Benevolent | Malevolent / Cruel |
| Acute | Chronic |
| Optimist | Pessimist |
| Tolerant | Intolerant / Bigoted |
| Hostile | Friendly / Amicable |
| Genuine | Fake / Counterfeit |
| Concise | Verbose / Lengthy |
| Humble | Arrogant / Proud |
The meaning of the word "obese" is —
Answer: (a) very fat
The word "bounty" is closest in meaning to:
Answer: (d) generosity
Idioms-এ literal অর্থ আর figurative অর্থ আলাদা। মুখস্থ ছাড়া উপায় নেই।
| Idiom | Meaning (বাংলা) |
|---|---|
| Apple of one's eye | অতি প্রিয় |
| A fish out of water | অস্বস্তিকর অবস্থায় |
| At sixes and sevens | এলোমেলো, বিশৃঙ্খল |
| Bring to pass | সংঘটিত করা |
| Beat about the bush | মূল কথা এড়িয়ে চলা |
| Bolt from the blue | হঠাৎ বিপদ |
| Burning question | জ্বলন্ত সমস্যা |
| By and large | মোটামুটি |
| Carry the day | জয়লাভ করা |
| Cock and bull story | মিথ্যা গল্প |
| Crocodile tears | লোক দেখানো কান্না |
| Cut a sorry figure | খারাপভাবে পরিচিত হওয়া |
| Get rid of | মুক্তি পাওয়া |
| In a nutshell | সংক্ষেপে |
| Lion's share | সিংহভাগ |
| Make a clean breast of | স্বীকার করা |
| Out of date | পুরনো |
| Pros and cons | সুবিধা-অসুবিধা |
| Read between the lines | গূঢ় অর্থ বোঝা |
| Tooth and nail | প্রাণপণে |
Explain the meaning of 'Bring to pass':
Answer: (a) Cause to happen
"A bolt from the blue" means —
Answer: (b) Sudden disaster
Tense, Right Form of Verb, Subject-Verb Agreement, Voice, Narration, Preposition — এই ৬টা topic-এ ৭০-৭৫% নম্বর।
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